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Abstract
The beginning of the twentieth century was marked by the formation of scientific directions connected with the study of the process of speech formation, that is, the reproduction of linguistic units in the course of communication, which began to be examined largely through comparison with language itself. Language was regarded as a system of signs necessary for storing and transmitting information. Speech, in turn, was perceived as the unique verbal creativity of an individual, possessing a certain communicative and stylistic orientation determined by spheres of human activity. One of the leading directions in the humanities of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries became anthropocentrism — the principle according to which the human being is the center and primary point of reference in scholarly research
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